Neurological effects of gunshots to the body

Posting of this article is a contuniation of posting short articles taken from a much larger and comphrehensive article dealing with “Kncokdown Power” and the effects that (handgun) bullets have on the human body. These articles are taken from reasearch Data published by others. We encourage viewers to use the link provided below not only to view the source of this Data and research references, but also to give credit to the many contributing to the parent article.

The only way to completely incapacitate a person or other animal is to damage or disrupt their central nervous system (CNS) to the point of becoming paralyzed, losing consciousness, or dying. Bullets can achieve this directly or indirectly. If a bullet causes sufficient damage to the brain or spinal cord, immediate loss of consciousness or paralysis, respectively, can result. However, these targets are relatively small and mobile, making them extremely difficult to hit even under optimal circumstances.

Bullets can indirectly disrupt the CNS by damaging the cardiovascular system so that it can no longer provide enough oxygen to the brain to sustain consciousness. This can be the result of bleeding from a perforation of a large blood vessel or blood-bearing organ, or the result of damage to the lungs or airway. If blood flow is completely cut off from the brain, a human still has enough oxygenated blood in their brain for 10 seconds of willful action, though with rapidly decreasing effectiveness as the victim begins to lose consciousness.

Unless a bullet directly damages or disrupts the central nervous system, a person or animal will not be instantly and completely incapacitated by physiological damage. However, bullets can cause other disabling injuries that prevent specific actions (a person shot in the femur cannot walk) and the physiologic pain response from severe injuries will temporarily disable most individuals.

A number of papers in the peer-reviewed journals suggest ballistic pressure wave effects on wounding and incapacitation, including remote neural effects. [1][2][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] These papers are mainly concerned with velocities of rifle bullets, but the energy transfer and pressure waves produced are within the regime of pistol bulletsRecent work by Courtney and Courtney provides compelling support for the role of a ballistic pressure wave in creating remote neural effects leading to incapacitation and injury.[9][10][11][12] [13]

This work builds upon the earlier works of Suneson et al. where the researchers implanted high-speed pressure transducers into the brain of pigs and demonstrated that a significant pressure wave reaches the brain of pigs shot in the thigh.[14][1] These scientists observed neural damage in the brain caused by the distant effects of the ballistic pressure wave originating in the thigh.The results of Suneson et al. were confirmed and expanded upon by a later experiment in dogs[2] which "confirmed that distant effect exists in the central nervous system after a high-energy missile impact to an extremity.

A high-frequency oscillating pressure wave with large amplitude and short duration was found in the brain after the extremity impact of a high-energy missile . . ." Wang et al. observed significant damage in both the hypothalamus and hippocampus regions of the brain due to remote effects of the ballistic pressure wave.......read this full length article on balliatics and effects on the human body.

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